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袁世凯一生争议很多，他先后背叛了维新党人、满清朝廷与民国政府。他站在历史的机会点上，手握重权，原可以做一个开国立勋的英雄，可惜为己谋甚，而未为国谋。
尽管史家对袁世凯的评价不高，兴致不大，但不能否认在清末民初的这一段历史场景中，他都是站在舞台的中心，我们不得不去注意他。其实袁氏在山东与直隶的清廷大臣任内，都是非常开明的官僚，屡有建树。晚清立宪运动中......
［名称］晚清政治近代化的思想史阐释
［作者］李细珠
［出版/发表］《首都师范大学学报》2002年第1期
［提要］读梁景和著《清末国民意识与参政意识研究》
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［名称］现代国家理念与地方性实践交互影响下的医疗行为
［作者］朱浒
［出版/发表］《浙江社会科学》，2004年第9期
［提要］一， 问题的重新提出：1904 年上海万国红十字会的成立，历来被认为是中国红十字会之始 [ １ ] 。对于该会诞生的具体情形，学界到目前为止除闵杰先生曾略予述及外，惟有周秋光先生在《晚清时期的中国红十字会述论》一文中进行过较为详细的论述 [ ２ ] 。......
［名称］晚清汉学传统之演变
［作者］罗检秋
［出版/发表］《天津社会科学》2005年第1期
［提要］学术在传承、发展的过程中 ,形成了基于具体内容之上的价值取向、精神特质和研究方法 ,可称为学术传统。汉学在晚清经历了明显的变化 ,其主流演变为在求真的基础上兼容经世致用 ,并调和、汲取宋学和西学 ,学术格局也呈现多元化趋势。
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［名称］当代中国历史学的学术转型与创新──试论旧课题的改造和新课题的建立
［作者］黄敏兰
［出版/发表］《史学月刊》，2005年第5期
［提要］以往中国历史学轰轰烈烈的专题讨论,不仅凝聚了史学界的绝大部分精力,而且形成了一整套的中国化马克思主义历史理论或历史解释系统。它决定着中国史学的研究与编纂,塑造和影响着人们的思维方式。当前的史学学术转型无论如何不可能回避......
TREATY OF TIEN-TSIN
Tien-tsin, June 26, 1858
Peace Treaty between the Queen of Great Britain and the Emperor of China.
This treaty is associated with the so-called second opium war between Britain and China. The concessions of the earlier (1842) treaty of Nanking only whetted the appetites of British producers of legal goods for further expansion o......
The Napier Affair (1834)In 1834 Lord Napier was appointed Chief Superintendent of Trade at Canton. Hitherto, the trade of English ships had been supervised by appointees of the English East India Company, the private trading concern that had enjoyed a monopoly of the far eastern trade for over a century. With the withdrawal of this monopoly and th......
The use of bronze mirrors in China goes at least as far back as to the Chou Dynasty, but it seems to be the general opinion that no specimens from this early period have as yet come to light. Neither the Po Ku Tu Yu nor the Chin Shih So, which contain illustrations of a great number of mirrors, attribute to any of them an earlier date than the Han ......
The New Culture Movement and the Re-evaluation of Modern Thought Zheng Shiqu ()
The fundamental intellectual orientation of the New Culture Movement was a pursuit of modernity. For this reason, the major figures in the Movement did not identify with the re-evaluation of modern thought that was current in the ......
During the Sino-Japanese war, about five million people were involved in migration, of which two million emigrated to Jiangxi, Fujiang, Anhui, Shanghai, and central and southwestern parts of the country, and the remainderwithin theirown province. This relocation of the population lasted foronly a short time during the war, and only a small proporti......